Usually, plaster is made by mixing water, lime, gypsum, sand, and other strengthening materials, such as animal hair. There are different types of plaster, but, perhaps, one the most popular types in the art field is plaster of Paris, or gypsum plaster.

Plaster of Paris is a quick-setting gypsum plaster consisting of a fine white powder, which hardens when moistened and allowed to dry. Plaster of paris (sulfate of lime) is often used for the production of molds, casts, and preliminary models.

This material is durable and fire-resistant.

The production of plaster of Paris involves a process called calcination, where the gypsum is heated to remove the water content and create calcium sulfate hemihydrate. This process is energy-intensive and results in the release of carbon dioxide, thus contributing to global warming. It also mining gypsum, which depletes natural resources and requires high energy consumption.

In the process of mixing the plaster, it is important to wear protective goggles, gloves, and a mask to prevent inhalation of fine particles.

Plaster of Paris is not biodegradable, but it can be recycled.